突加不平衡作用下转子系统的主动降载实验

为了实现突加不平衡作用下的转子安全性设计，分析了突加不平衡作用下的锥壁降载结构机理，设计了支承刚度可控的主动降载实验系统并进行了实验验证。结果表明:锥壁熔断降载的本质是减小转子支承刚度，从而降低临界转速并在减速停车时降低转子支承载荷与相应振幅。设计的主动降载机构利用可控支承，自适应地改变支承刚度，有效的模拟锥壁熔断降载作用，并能够低成本、重复性的实验验证熔断降载机理，为突加不平衡的安全性设计提供实验条件与数据支撑。      

充磁导致的超高速永磁同步电机不平衡磁拉力

转子永磁体充磁角度偏差导致的不平衡磁拉力对微型燃气轮机发电系统用超高速永磁同步电机的安全稳定运行有很大的影响.采用有限元数值分析方法,分别在不考虑转子偏心和考虑转子偏心的情况下,对由充磁角度偏差导致的超高速永磁同步电机不平衡磁拉力进行了计算和分析;将不平衡磁拉力的计算结果作为载荷,获得了超高速永磁同步电机空气轴承-转子系统的固有频率及振动特性.研究结果表明:转子系统在740 Hz附近发生共振,共振幅值随着转子磁芯充磁偏差角度的增大而增大;要保证转子系统安全可靠的工作,需要将磁芯的充磁角度偏差限制在5°以内.     

Response of the extratropical middle atmosphere to the September 2002 major stratospheric sudden warming

The effects of a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) at extratropical latitudes have been investigated with wind and temperature observations over a Brazilian station, Cachoeira Paulista (22.7°S, 45°W) during September–October 2002. In response to the warming at polar latitudes a corresponding cooling at tropical and extratropical latitudes is prominent in the stratosphere. A conspicuous signature of latitudinal propagation of a planetary wave of zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2 from polar to low latitude has been observed during the warming period. The polar vortex which split into two parts of different size is found to travel considerably low latitude. Significant air mass mixing between low and high latitudes is caused by planetary wave breaking. The meridional wind exhibits oscillations of period 2–4 days during the warming period in the stratosphere. No wave feature is evident in the mesosphere during the warming period, although a 12–14 day periodicity is observed after 2 weeks of the warming event, indicating close resemblance to the results of other simultaneous investigations carried out from high latitude Antarctic stations. Convective activity over the present extratropical station diminishes remarkably during the warming period. This behavior is possibly due to destabilization and shift of equatorial convective active regions towards the opposite hemisphere in response to changes in the mean meridional circulation in concert with the SSW.     

Stratosphere-mesosphere coupling during stratospheric sudden warming events

In this review article we summarize recent results in the coupling of the stratosphere–mesosphere during stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) events. We focus on the role of planetary and gravity waves in driving the middle atmosphere circulation and illustrate the stratosphere–mesosphere coupling during undisturbed wintertime circulation, during an SSW event, and after an SSW event during the formation of an elevated stratopause using simulations of past Arctic and Antarctic winters from the Specified Dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM). We illustrate the transition of the polar stratopause from being a gravity wave driven phenomena to a planetary wave driven phenomena during SSW events and its subsequent reestablishment and control by gravity waves. We also examine the synoptic structure of the stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere using SD-WACCM data fields that show the structure of the vortex during specific dynamical events in both hemispheres. We illustrate the longitudinal asymmetry in the thermal structure in the stratosphere and mesosphere driven by differences in circulation over the polar cap regions during an SSW event. We complement this analysis of the middle atmosphere circulation with a classification of both the Arctic and Antarctic winters since 1979 into major, minor, elevated stratopause or quiet winters based on the level of disturbance using the Modern Era-Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis data. From the MERRA data we find that the combined occurrences of both major and minor warmings in the Arctic have remained constant over the past three decades while we find a minor increase in their occurrences in the Antarctic.     

辽宁省城乡医疗服务不均衡问题分析

辽宁省实现医疗服务均等化首先要解决的是城乡医疗服务不均衡的问题。对辽宁省城乡医疗服务的不均衡的现状及原因进行了分析,并对如何解决城乡医疗服务的不均衡提出了相应地解决对策。     

装配优化技术在某型航空发动机高压压气机转子装配中的应用

转子的不同心与不平衡对整机的振动有较大影响,且在实际装配中一次装配成功率不高,本文针对以上问题,介绍了转子装配优化技术,提出了转子不同心度和不平衡量的双目标优化原则,并将该装配优化技术应用于高压转子装配中,验证了其能够起到改善转子装配质量的作用。     

基于等概率随机法的航空发动机转子叶片排序优化

对于盘片分离的航空发动机转子,叶片排序影响初始不平衡量,容易导致振动超限。在转子装配环节,精准、高效的叶片排序优化对于提高装配质量和效率有重要意义。针对此问题,基于单个叶片的质量矩模型,建立单级转子初始不平衡量模型,提出叶片排序优化的目标函数,研究一种基于“等概率随机”的搜索算法,实现在资源、时间消耗和优化效果之间取得平衡。仿真和验证结果表明,该研究方法可以精准、高效地优化叶片装配排序。与传统方法相比,单级转子的初始不平衡量大幅降低,转子的装配品质得到极大提高,已在实际生产中取得显著的应用效益。     

突加不平衡激励碰摩转子反向涡动分析

建立了考虑叶片-机匣碰摩、挤压油膜阻尼的模型,推导了转子发生失稳的判别条件。从复非线性模态角度分析了突加不平衡激励下转子的动力特性,揭示转子反向涡动响应的形成过程及存在条件。通过参数分析获得转子发生反向涡动的敏感参数及其影响规律,并根据突加不平衡激励下转子反向涡动的响应特征分析某航空发动机叶片飞失故障。计算结果表明：转子能够发生反向涡动需要满足两个条件,其一,转子本身存在反进动模态失稳区;其二,冲击载荷使叶盘幅值达到反进动模态阻尼失稳点并进入反进动模态失稳区。实际航空发动机转子中具有因突加不平衡而发生反向涡动的风险,会造成支承结构破坏,严重威胁航空发动机的安全。增加转子阻尼、降低叶尖-机匣摩擦因数、降低静子叶片刚度、采用挤压油膜阻尼结构均有利于降低该风险。     

双转子-支承系统动力学特性的有限元分析

利用有限元法对一个具有弹性基座的双转子-支承系统的临界转速和不平衡响应进行计算,把计算结果与该模型不考虑弹性基座的双转子-轴承系统的结果进行对比。结果表明,考虑弹性基座的双转子-支承系统的前三阶临界转速降低了,系统在155 Hz～200 Hz范围内临界转速的个数增加了,但在临界转速下的振幅减小了。因此考虑弹性基座对双转子-支承系统动力学特性的影响具有重要意义。     

含浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器转子系统的突加不平衡响应分析

为了研究含浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器对转子系统突加不平衡响应的抑制作用,建立了浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器-转子系统的动力学模型,在模型中,充分考虑了转子与浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器的耦合作用.运用数值积分获取系统的动力学响应.研究表明,与传统挤压油膜阻尼器相比,浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器能更好地抑制转子系统的突加不平衡响应;在靠近临界转速时,浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器能抑制瞬态过程;较大的浮环质量和滑油黏度能更好地抑制转子系统突加不平衡响应.